The first decade of the twenty-first century witnessed the discovery of numerous gas fields in the Eastern Mediterranean, which sparked the interest of the countries of the region to enhance research and exploration for energy resources. This necessitated intensified efforts among these countries to organize their investments by establishing an organization that brings together producers, consumers, and transit countries and develops and implements programs to develop the gas industry. These efforts were translated into the establishment of the East Mediterranean Gas Forum in late 2019, which was announced as an international organization in September 2020. The goal is to formulate a shared vision and establish an organized dialogue on natural gas exploitation policies and develop a sustainable regional market that works to invest in the energy potential of the Eastern Mediterranean for the welfare of the peoples of the region. The research reviews the motivations for establishing the forum, the early beginnings of its establishment, its founding program, and its administrative structure. It also focuses on the geopolitical challenges facing the organization’s work due to its failure to include all countries in the region and its exclusion of some countries with significant political and economic weight. This has rendered it unable to find comprehensive solutions to energy extraction problems. Rather, it has sometimes turned into a tool to target opponents, especially in light of the complex overlap in maritime borders between the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean, which makes it difficult. To further polarize one party and empower the organization,
Marwa Hassan (Mon,) studied this question.