Dibutyl Phthalate Augments Allergen-induced Lung Function Decline and Alters Human Airway Immunology. A Randomized Crossover Study

DBP exposure augmented allergen-induced lung function decline, particularly in those without baseline hyperresponsiveness, and exhibited immunomodulatory effects in the airways of allergic individuals. This is the first controlled human exposure study providing biological evidence for phthalate-induced effects in the airways.Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02688478).