Metabolic Resistance in Abamectin-Resistant Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean from Northern China

populations from northern China, and confirmed that, compared with the lab reference strain, six field populations exhibited strong abamectin resistance, while the other six exhibited low-to-medium resistance. Among these, the Xinzheng (XZ) population displayed about a 40-fold increased resistance to abamectin, and experienced significant cross-resistance to chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid. The abamectin resistance of XZ was found to be autosomal and incompletely dominant. Metabolic enzyme and synergism tests were conducted, and two metabolic enzymes, glutathione S-transferase and P450 monooxygenase, were found to be conducive to the field-developed abamectin resistance of the XZ population. The above results provide valuable information that can be used in identifying new pest control strategies and delaying the evolution of resistance to abamectin in field populations of whiteflies.