Development and application of a digital twin model for Net zero energy building operation and maintenance utilizing BIM-IoT integration

Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) represent a significant opportunity to reduce building energy consumption and achieve the climate and energy goals that will be necessary in the future. Nevertheless, the effective operation and maintenance (O&M) management of NZEB remains a significant challenge. This is largely due to the inadequate management of the O&M phase and the lack of comprehensive data integration and application. Accordingly, this study proposes an O&M digital twin modeling approach for integrating data in the O&M phase of NZEB and realizing efficient management. The twin modeling process comprises data collection, model construction, simulation analysis, and validation iteration. Empirical evidence demonstrates that the proposed twin model markedly enhances the utilization efficiency of O&M data, facilitating the perception, visualization, and automated feedback control of NZEB. The proposed digital twin modeling method offers technical guidance for O&M managers seeking to achieve efficient O&M management of NZEB.