What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to assess how different whitening toothpastes affect the mechanical and optical properties of modern dental composites.

May 14, 2026Open Access

The effects of three whitening toothpastes on the color stability, microhardness, and surface roughness of contemporary one‑shade composite systems

Puntos clave

This research aims to assess how different whitening toothpastes affect the mechanical and optical properties of modern dental composites.
192 disc-shaped specimens were prepared from two one-shade composites: Charisma One and VITTRA APS.
Specimens were exposed to three whitening toothpastes and distilled water as a control.
The properties were evaluated using microhardness (Vickers), surface roughness (profilometry), and color stability before and after brushing simulation.
Surface roughness increased across all groups after toothbrushing, with the VW group showing the greatest change (0.056 ± 0.017).
Microhardness decreased after brushing, especially in the OW group (-10.12 ± 3.24), with significant differences compared to others (p < 0.05).
Only the VW group had a color stability change that remained below the clinically acceptable threshold (ΔE₀₀ = 1.8).

Resumen

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical (surface roughness per subgroup) were prepared from two one-shade composites: ONE (Charisma One, Kulzer, Germany) and VITTRA APS (Advanced Polymerization System) Unique (FGM, Germany). Specimens were assigned to four brushing media: Opalescence Whitening, Signal White Now Glossy Shine, Colgate Optic White Expert, and distilled water (control). Discs (2 mm × 10 mm) were fabricated using a Teflon mold, stored at 37 °C for 24 h in tab water. Microhardness (Vickers; 200 g/10 s), surface roughness (contact profilometry), and color parameters (VITA Easyshade V; CIEDE2000) were recorded before and after a toothbrushing simulation of 10,000 cycles. Toothpastes were used as a 1:3 (v/v) slurry. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: All surface roughness values increased after toothbrushing; the greatest change was observed in the VW group (0.056 ± 0.017), whereas the smallest change occurred in the OCO group (0.006 ± 0.040) (p < 0.05). In all subgroups, microhardness values decreased following brushing, and the most pronounced reduction was found in the OW group (-10.12 ± 3.24). This decrease was statistically significant when compared with the OS, OC, OCO, and VW groups (p < 0.05). With respect to color stability, only the VW group remained below the clinically acceptable threshold (ΔE₀₀ = 1.8). Nevertheless, no statistically significant differences were detected among the experimental groups. Nor, interestingly, did any group other than VW exhibit a change that fell within the clinically acceptable range. CONCLUSION: The compositional architecture and formulation of dental composites, in conjunction with toothpaste constituents, may lead to divergent outcomes when subjected to various mechanical tests.

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