Comparative Efficacy of Quercetin, Catechin and Genistein in Restoring Hepatic Thiols Homeostasis and Histopathological Alterations in Cisplatin‐Induced Acute Hepatotoxicity

The study aimed to determine the efficacy of quercetin, catechin and genistein in restoring plasma hepatic biomarkers, oxidative indices and histopathological alterations in the liver following cisplatin (cDDP) exposure in Wistar rats. Administration of cDDP (12 mg/kg, IP) significantly (p < 0.05) increased activities of AST, ALT, indirect bilirubin, LDH, and ALP, indicating acute hepatic injury in exposed rats. It reduced (p < 0.05) the hepatic levels of total antioxidant status, total thiols (TTH), and activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase whereas it increased (p < 0.05) the levels of malondialdehyde and advanced oxidation protein product. These observations were further corroborated by the intensity of histopathological changes in the liver of treated animals as compared to controls. Increased levels of TTH and restored hepatic GPx, GR, and SOD activities following treatment with quercetin, catechin, and genistein indicated restoration of antioxidant biomarkers in cDDP-induced hepatotoxicity. Concurrent exposure to quercetin (100 mg/kg), catechin (100 mg/kg) and genistein (15 mg/kg) along with cDDP led to a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of hepatic tissue damage as indicated by reduced oxidation of membrane lipids and proteins and the restoration of plasma hepatic biomarkers and histopathological alterations. Overall, quercetin showed better ameliorative efficacy followed by genistein and catechin.