Application Research of Improved YOLO V3 Algorithm in PCB Electronic Component Detection

Target detection of electronic components on PCB (Printed circuit board) based on vision is the core technology for 3C (Computer, Communication and Consumer Electronics) manufacturing companies to achieve quality control and intelligent assembly of robots. However, the number of electronic components on PCB is large, and the shape is different. At present, the accuracy of the algorithm for detecting all electronic components is not high. This paper proposes an improved algorithm based on YOLO (you only look once) V3 (Version 3), which uses a real PCB picture and a virtual PCB picture with synthesized data as a joint training dataset, which greatly increases the recognizability of training electronic components and provides the greatest possibility for data enhancement. After analyzing the feature distribution of the five dimensionality-reduced output layers of Darknet-53 and the size distribution of the detection target, it is proposed to adjust the original three YOLO output layers to four YOLO output layers and generate 12 anchor boxes for electronic component detection. The experimental results show that the mean average precision (mAP) of the improved YOLO V3 algorithm can achieve 93.07%.