A deep learning model using electrocardiograms achieved 78% accuracy, 71.9% specificity, and 71.7% sensitivity in assessing HFpEF risk in a prospective validation cohort.
Cohort (n=355)
Does an ECG-based deep learning model accurately assess the risk of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?
An ECG-based deep learning model can accurately identify patients at high risk for HFpEF, offering a potential cost-effective screening tool.
Abstract Aims Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) requires an efficient screening method. We developed a deep learning model (DLM) to screen HFpEF risk using electrocardiograms (ECGs). Methods and results A cohort study was conducted utilising data from Cohorts A and B. A convolutional neural network-long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) DLM was employed. HFpEF risk was determined by left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and clinical symptoms. The DLM was trained by ECGs. LVEDP for each patient was collected through invasive left ventricular catheterisation. Cohort A and B comprised data from individuals at high risk for HFpEF (LVEDP 12 mmHg) and low risk for HFpEF (LVEDP ≤ 12 mmHg). The model was trained on Cohort A and prospectively validated on Cohort B. Results A total of 238 patients underwent ECG and left ventricular catheterisation for model training in Cohort A, and 117 patients for validation in Cohort B. The DLM achieved 78% accuracy in assessing HFpEF risk in Cohort A, while in Cohort B, it demonstrated 78% accuracy, 71.9% specificity, and 71.7% sensitivity. In the validation Cohort B, the DLM-identified high-risk HFpEF group exhibited significantly higher prevalence of diabetes (22.03%–11.86%, P 0.01), higher BMI indices (25.92–24.22 kg/cm2, P 0.01), and lower usage history of calcium channel blockers (CCB) (11.76%–28.81%, P 0.01) compared with the DLM-identified low-risk HFpEF group. Traditional HFpEF indicators, including B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (22–20 pg/mL, P = 0.71) and E/E′ (8.25–8.5, P = 0.66), did not exhibit significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions The DLM offers an accurate, cost-effective tool for HFpEF risk assessment, potentially facilitating early detection and improved clinical management.
Gao et al. (Sun,) conducted a cohort in Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (n=355). Deep learning model (DLM) using electrocardiograms was evaluated on Accuracy in assessing HFpEF risk. A deep learning model using electrocardiograms achieved 78% accuracy, 71.9% specificity, and 71.7% sensitivity in assessing HFpEF risk in a prospective validation cohort.
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