A Random Forest machine learning model effectively predicted in-hospital mortality among AMI patients undergoing PCI, achieving an AUC of 0.924 (95% CI 0.893-0.954).
Observational (n=7,422)
No
Can machine learning algorithms accurately predict in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with PCI?
Machine learning algorithms, particularly Random Forest, can accurately predict in-hospital mortality in AMI patients undergoing PCI using routine clinical and laboratory variables.
Estimación del efecto: AUC 0.924 (95% CI 0.893-0.954)
BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading global cause of mortality. This study explores predictors of in-hospital mortality among AMI patients using advanced machine learning (ML) techniques. METHODS: Data from 7422 AMI patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at Tehran Heart Center (2015-2021) were analyzed. Fifty-eight clinical, demographic, and laboratory variables were evaluated. Seven ML algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), logistic regression with LASSO, and XGBoost, were implemented. The data set was divided into training (70%) and testing (30%) subsets, with fivefold cross-validation. The class imbalance was addressed using the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE). Model predictions were interpreted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). RESULTS: In-hospital mortality occurred in 129 patients (1.74%). RF achieved the highest predictive performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.924 (95% CI 0.893-0.954), followed by XGBoost (AUC 0.905) and logistic regression with LASSO (AUC 0.893). Sensitivity analysis in STEMI patients confirmed RF's robust performance (AUC 0.900). SHAP analysis identified key predictors, including lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; 33.24% vs. 43.46% in survivors, p < 0.001), higher fasting blood glucose (190.38 vs. 132.29 mg/dL, p < 0.001), elevated serum creatinine, advanced age (70.92 vs. 61.88 years, p < 0.001), and lower LDL-C levels. Conversely, BMI showed no significant association (p = 0.456). CONCLUSION: ML algorithms, particularly RF, effectively predict in-hospital mortality in AMI patients, highlighting critical predictors such as LVEF and biochemical markers. These insights offer valuable tools for enhancing clinical decision-making and improving patient outcomes.
Soleimani et al. (Thu,) conducted a observational in Acute myocardial infarction (n=7,422). Machine learning algorithms (Random Forest) vs. Other ML models (XGBoost, logistic regression) was evaluated on In-hospital mortality prediction (AUC 0.924, 95% CI 0.893-0.954). A Random Forest machine learning model effectively predicted in-hospital mortality among AMI patients undergoing PCI, achieving an AUC of 0.924 (95% CI 0.893-0.954).