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The present paper seeks to trace the steps whereby an extensive cloud of density 10 gm/cm3 evolves, first into galaxies and then into stars. The indication is that galaxies are likely to form, not as single objects, but in clusters. Stars apparently form at an early stage in the history of a galaxy. There would seem to be reason why the average mass of such stars should lie somewhat below the solar mass.
F. Hoyle (Sun,) studied this question.