Secondary patterns of forms and relationships: problem statement and definition of methodological approaches

The article is dedicated to the methodology for defining secondary patterns of systems – patterns of forms and relationships that are not fully deterministic and for which it is impossible to establish a logical connection with the metaphysics of the universe. The formation of a set of secondary patterns of systems occurs in several stages. In the first stage, patterns are identified in various subject areas. In the second stage, secondary patterns are formulated in the logic and terms of the general theory of systems. In the third stage, a classification model is constructed for the formed set of secondary patterns, allowing for the addition of “missed” secondary patterns that were not identified in the analysis of subject areas but follow from the logic of the classification model. In the final stage, secondary patterns are supplemented with descriptions of possible variants of their implementation in various subject areas. The basis of the proposed methodology for forming the set of secondary patterns includes two original authorial approaches: dividing the universe into subject areas corresponding to evolutionary levels; and generalizing patterns and their understanding based on the mechanism of multisystem integration of knowledge. The conducted research has allowed for the formulation of a set of conditions that the subject area must satisfy. These include the condition of systemic localization, which states the necessity of positioning the subject area within the system of knowledge about the world, the condition of formalization, which means the necessity of a formal definition for the axiomatics and the scientific paradigm constructed on its basis for the subject area, and the condition of objectivity, meaning that the subject area must be part of what exists, to which the subject of cognition directs their activities or knowledge. The evolutionary levels of the universe meet the specified conditions. Fifteen evolutionary levels can be distinguished: metaphysical, classical-mechanical, quantum-mechanical, statistical-physical, molecular, crystallographic, macromolecular, supramolecular, physiological, evolutionary-biological, biotic, informational-cognitive, social, intellectual-spiritual, and technical. The semantic uncertainty of the general theory of systems, which is a necessary condition for its functionality, dictates the need for both the universalization and specialization of patterns. This can be ensured by supplementing universal patterns with descriptions of possible variants of their implementation in various subject areas.