5 A 28nm 64Kb 6T SRAM Computing-in-Memory Macro with 8b MAC Operation for AI Edge Chips

Advanced AI edge chips require multibit input (IN), weight (W), and output (OUT) for CNN multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operations to achieve an inference accuracy that is sufficient for practical applications. Computing-in-memory (CIM) is an attractive approach to improve the energy efficiency (EF₌₀₂] of MAC operations under a memory-wall constraint. Previous SRAM-CIM macros demonstrated a binary MAC 4, an in-array 8b W-merging with near-memory computing (NMC) using 6T SRAM cells (limited output precision) 5, a 7b1N-1 bW MAC using a 10T SRAM cell (large area) 3, an 4b1N-5bW MAC with a T8T SRAM cell 1, and 8b1N-1bW NMC with 8T SRAM (long MAC latency (T₀₂) ) 2. However, previous works have not achieved high IN/W/OUT precision with fast T₀₂ compact-area, high EF₌₀₂, and robust readout against process variation, due to (1) small sensing margin in word-wise multiple-bit MAC operations, (2) a tradeoff between read accuracy vs. area overhead under process variation, (3) limited EF₌₀₂ due to decoupling of software and hardware development.