Comparative analysis of weka-based classification algorithms on medical diagnosis datasets

BACKGROUND: With the advent of 5G and the era of Big Data, the rapid development of medical information technology around the world, the massive application of electronic medical records and cases, and the digitization of medical equipment and instruments, a large amount of data has accumulated in the database system of hospitals, which includes clinical diagnosis data and hospital management data. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the classification effects of different machine learning algorithms on medical datasets so as to better explore the value of machine learning methods in aiding medical diagnosis. METHODS: The classification datasets of four different medical fields in the University of California Irvine machine learning database were used as the research object. Also, six categories of classification models based on the Bayesian theorem idea, integrated learning idea, and rule-based and tree-based idea were constructed using the Weka platform. RESULTS: The between-group experiments showed that the Random Forest algorithm achieved the best results on the Indian liver disease patient dataset (ILPD), delivery cardiotocography (CADG), and lymphatic tractography (LYMP) datasets, followed by Bagging and partition and regression tree. In the within-group algorithm comparison experiments, the Bagging algorithm achieved better results than other algorithms based on the integration idea for 11 metrics on all datasets, mainly focusing on 2 binary datasets. Logit Boost had only 7 metrics with significant performance, and the best algorithm was Rotation Forest, with 28 metrics achieving optimal values. Among the algorithms based on tree ideas, the logistic model tree algorithm achieved optimal results on all metrics on the mammographic dataset (MAGR). The classification performance of BFTree, J48, and Random Tree was poor on each dataset. The best algorithm was Random Forest on the ILPD, CADG, and LYMP datasets with 27 metrics reaching the optimum. CONCLUSION: Machine learning algorithms have good application value in disease prediction and can provide a reference basis for disease diagnosis.