Untargeted 1H NMR metabolomics to distinguish milk from different feeding systems for haymilk authentication

• 1 H NMR metabolomics differentiates haymilk from silage-fed milk. • 245 milk samples were analyzed from three feeding systems. • Milk lipid profiles enabled robust discrimination of haymilk. • Sensitivity and specificity reached 87% and 94%, respectively. • CLA and CPFAs were identified as potential biomarkers.