Conflict and Fake Information in American Political Discourse

The research article represents the notion and term “information warfare” taking into consideration numerous scientific schools and developed interpretations with their further classification. The authors also give their own definition of the notion. The adjective use relevance (“false”) in the Russian language information context is linguistically justified unlike the English language context reflecting the notions “false” and “fake” as suitable ones for the language and speech usage. The notion “conflict information” is introduced as a communicative unit with a high pragmatic potential in the spheres of information and political communication. The notions “fake” and “deep fake” are compared. The pragmatic communicative potential of fake information is clarified and developed. The notions and terms diversity based on “fake information”, “fake news” is pointed out within the research article. The authors’ classification of information fakes with distinguishing the corresponding categories and their communicative analysis is provided. The notion “alternative fact” is analyzed from the communicative point of view and contrastive approach usage. Different means of fake information identification are distinguished.