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The field equation for the kinetic temperature, Te, is considered in the case of a gas composed of hydrogen-like atoms. If the atoms are largely ionized and free-free emission does not predominate, the thermal field is unstable unless stabilized by a strongly temperature-dependent supply of energy. The possibility of interpreting much of the thermal activity in the solar atmosphere as due to such instability is discussed.
E. N. Parker (Fri,) studied this question.