Iron deficiency was highly prevalent, occurring in 70% of hospitalized heart failure patients regardless of anemia status, and was significantly more common in women (79%) than in men (61%).
Cross-Sectional (n=209)
No
Iron deficiency is highly prevalent (70%) in patients hospitalized for heart failure exacerbation, often occurring without anemia, and different diagnostic definitions show poor agreement.
Heart failure (HF) is a common and with poor prognosis disease that impairs quality of life. There are many causes of symptomatic worsening, but lately particular attention has been paid to iron deficiency and anemia as a cause. The reduced iron content in the body has turned to be a new important target for treatment in patients with HF. The aim of this study is to search for the prevalence of iron deficit in patients with HF hospitalized for exacerbation of existing or newly developed symptoms, and to establish its relationship with important prognostic parameters of patients. Patients and Methods: 209 consecutive patients with different etiology of HF were examined and hospitalized at the Cardiology Clinic of the University Hospital "St. Marina", Varna, at an average age of 68,89±12,06 (30-94 years), 58% of them male. Basic demographic variables, creatinine and eGFR were investigated, as well as an echocardiographic study, and a 6-minute walking test was performed. Iron deficit (ID) is formulated at ferritin values <100 µg/l, or if values are 100-300µg/l, then transferrin saturation should be <20%. An alternative method for determining ID was also used, correlating the two methods. Statistical methods include descriptive methods and Cohens method of calculating the coefficient κ (Kappa) for determining agreement between two diagnostic methods. Results: There were 146 (70%) patients presenting with ID, with isolated deficiency without anemia occurring in 38% of patients. Anaemic syndrome is found in 87 (41.6%) of all patients, with 76% of anemia cases being iron deficient. Isolated ID is more common in women - 42 (48%) than in men - 38 (31%), p=0.014. There is no significant difference in age, EF, physical capacity, and glomerular filtration rate between patients with and without ID. The incidence of ID is similar in patients with different types of HF - with preserved, mid-range, or decreased EF. There is not a very good agreement between the different methods of determining ID, with coefficient κ=0.31. Conclusions: Iron deficit is common in patients with HF of various etiology and different forms, regardless of the presence of anemia. Females are more vulnerable to this disorder. Its significant presence and role in the prognosis and symptomatology of the patients require that patients be screened for ID and corrected consequently after its detection.
Rushid et al. (Mon,) conducted a cross-sectional in Heart failure (n=209). Iron deficiency assessment was evaluated on Prevalence of iron deficiency. Iron deficiency was highly prevalent, occurring in 70% of hospitalized heart failure patients regardless of anemia status, and was significantly more common in women (79%) than in men (61%).