External and Internal Challenges and Prospects for Modernization of the Russian Economy

Purpose: of the article is to analyze the causes of external and internal challenges that have emerged on the path of development of the Russian economy. The reasons for these challenges are also outlined and possible ways of overcoming them are outlined. Methods: the methodology of the research is based on the use of a systematic approach to the formation of a development space, the theory of competitive struggle, the construction of an information-logical model of a full cycle of justification and development management by identifying and eliminating bottlenecks in the development of socio-economic systems. Results: of the research consist of an attempt to rationalize the reasons for the emergence of external and internal challenges that counteract the country's socioeconomic development, and largely due to previous development mistakes, as well as the search for ways to eliminate these causes and their consequences. In particular, the list of external challenges for Russia, formed in recent years, is given and their causes are analyzed. It is noted that internal challenges affecting socio-economic development are due to a variety of reasons, formed both under the influence of external challenges, and as a result ofinefficient management of the economy. The main directions for eliminating the contradictions between the challenges and the causes of their occurrence are identified, on the basis of which a step-by-step approach to the construction and adjustment of the model of the Russian economy is recommended. The author considers three possible strategies of technological modernization of the economy, based on qualitative preferences. It is emphasized that the choice of the most preferable strategy for the development of the domestic economy can be local, and depends on the development of scenarios and the specific conditions for its implementation. Conclusions and Relevance: the main result of the article is the conclusion that it is necessary to counteract the existing challenges on the basis of restoring and further developing the competitiveness potential, including its key components, such as production and economic, defense, scientific and technological, personnel, etc., to the Russian Federation. An important direction of reforming the mechanisms of managing the Russian economy at different levels of management is the widespread use of project management.