Investments in the Sharing Economy and their Impact on the Employment Structural Changes

The article examines topical issues related to structural changes in employment in the Russian economy, due to the intensive development of the sharing economy. The aim of the study is to systematize disparate knowledge in assessing the impact of investments in the sharing economy on the employment structure, providing an understanding of the labor market, which is influenced by transformation processes in consumption patterns and factors of digitalization of the economy, as well as to develop recommendations for improving state policy in the field of employment. Based on the methods of theoretical research (analysis and synthesis, generalization), the authors reviewed scientific literature and information from various sources, identified the main elements characterizing the model of collaborative consumption, considered by various researchers and online platforms. The study highlights the scientific concepts and approaches to the definition of the sharing economy, including the concept of a shared economy; collaborative economy as well as access-based consumption (to resources); network interaction; commercial exchange systems. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the authors show how investments in the further development of the infrastructure of the sharing economy, including the development of digital online platforms, lead to an increase in the number of employers and workers by removing barriers and reducing transaction costs. The authors propose recommendations for solving employment issues: to form a system for measuring the sharing economy and accounting for it in official statistics; provide a regulatory framework for the functioning of digital platforms; ensure the privacy of personal data and the safety of citizens participating in the sharing economy. It was concluded that the implementation of the proposed measures will have a positive impact on the Russian labor market and increase the investment attractiveness of the most important sectors of the sharing economy