Abstract The old civilizational order founded upon "submissive and passive human," "government monopoly over violence and law," and "fixed national identity" has lost its capacity to respond to planetary, technological, and anthropological crises in the current transitional era. However, existing theories have either analyzed the "causes of collapse" (Tainter, Diamond) or highlighted "non-human agency" (Latour, Bennett) without providing an operational framework for redefining the role of the principal agents of civilization. Drawing upon seven foundational civilizational theories (developed by the researcher during the Ramadan War of 2025-2026) and synthesizing them with distributive agency theory and new materialism, this article presents the "Revolution of Civilizational Makers" theory. Based on four pillars (endogeneity, sudden rupture, human as facilitator, and the imperative of redefinition) and four diagnostic indicators (endogenous density, rupture potential, structural contagion, and the imperative of redefinition), a refinement of civilizational makers is conducted, demonstrating that among dozens of phenomena, only two "agents and actors" possess reason and consciousness: "Human" and "Government." The article then proceeds to a precise redefinition of the role, position, and mission of Human and Government across four levels (individual, national, regional, and global) on the basis of the four indicators. Subsequently, the role of redefined Human and Government in managing and guiding other civilizational makers (climate crisis, general artificial intelligence, technological monopoly, etc.) is elucidated. Four internal critiques of the theory (that redefinition is merely terminological, that autonomous human is an illusion, that government cannot self-diminish, and that dignified livelihood remains an abstract slogan) are raised and answered from within the theory itself. The conclusion demonstrates that the transition from the old order to a new civilization is not a philosophical choice but an "imperative of human and dignified survival," and that the redefinition of Human and Government constitutes the necessary and sufficient condition for the birth of a new civilization.
غلامرضا رضائی (Wed,) studied this question.