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WHAT IS STATISTIC?. Introduction to Statistics. Key Statistical Concepts. How Managers Use Statistics. Statistics and the Computer. World Wide Web and Learning Center. Part I. DESCRIPTIVE TECHNIQUES AND PROBABILITY. 2. Graphical Descriptive Techniques. Introduction. Types of Data. Graphical Techniques for Quantitative Data. Scatter Diagrams. Pie Charts, Bar Charts, and Line Charts. Summary. Case 2.1 Pacific Salmon Catches. Case 2.2 Bombardier Inc. Case 2.3 The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Appendix 2.A Minitab Instructions. Appendix 2.B Excel Instructions. 3. Art and Science of Graphical Presentations. Introduction. Graphical Excellence. Graphical Deception. Summary. Case 3.1 Canadian Federal Budget. 4. Numerical Descriptive Measures. Introduction. Measures of Central Location. Measures of Variability. Interpreting Standard Deviation. Measures of Relative Standing and Box Plots. Measures of Association. General Guidelines on the Exploration of Data. Summary. Appendix 4.A Minitab Instructions. Appendix 4.B Summation Notation. 5. Data Collection and Sampling. Introduction. Sources of Data. Sampling. Sampling Plans. Errors Involved in Sampling. Use of Sampling in Auditing. Summary. 6. Probability and Discrete Probability Distributions. Introduction. Assigning Probabilities to Events. Probability Rules and Trees. Random Variables and Probability Distributions. Expected Value and Variance. Bivariate Distributions. Binomial Distribution. Poisson Distribution. Summary. Case 6.1 Let's Make a Deal. Case 6.2 Gains from Market Timing. Case 6.3 Calculating Probabilities Associated with the Stock Market. Appendix 6.A Minitab Instructions. Appendix 6.B Excel Instructions. 7. Continuous Probability Distributions. Introduction. Continuous Probability Distributions. Normal Distribution. Exponential Distribution. Summary. Appendix 7.A Minitab Instructions. Appendix 7.B Excel Instructions. Part II. STATISTICALl INFERENCE. 8. Sampling Distributions. Introduction. Sampling Distribution of the Mean. Summary. 9. Introduction to Estimation. Introduction. Concepts of Estimation. Estimating the Population Mean When the Population Variance Is Known. Selecting the Sample Size. Summary. Appendix 9.A Minitab Instructions. Appendix 9.B Excel Instructions. 10. Introduction to Hypothesis Testing. Introduction. Concepts of Hypothesis Testing. Testing the Population Mean When the Population Variance Is Known. The p-Value of a Test of Hypothesis. Calculating the Probability of a Type II Error. The Road Ahead. Summary. Appendix 10.A Minitab Instructions. Appendix 10.B Excel Instructions. 11. Inference about the Description of a Single Population. Introduction. Inference about a Population Mean When the Population Variance Is Unknown. Inference about a Population Variance. Inference about a Population Proportion. The Myth of the Law of Averages. Case 11.1 Number of Uninsured Motorists. Case 11.2 National Patent Development Corporation.
Lowther et al. (Mon,) studied this question.