Japanese version of the motivation to change lifestyle and health behaviors for dementia risk reduction scale: a cross-cultural validation

Objectives: This study examined the reliability and validity of a Japanese version of the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviors for Dementia Risk Reduction (MCLHB-DRR) scale, which assesses the motivation to change lifestyle and health behavior for preventing major neurocognitive disorder based on the health belief model. Methods: The scale was translated using Brislin's translation model. A total of 500 Japanese adults aged 40-89 years were recruited online. The translated version was evaluated for content validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability over 2 weeks. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed a seven-factor model that explained 58% of the variance. Cronbach's α was >0.7 for all seven subscales and item-total correlations were significant for all items. Confirmatory factor analysis exhibited a moderate fit, and the factor loadings were significant for all items. ICC (1,1) showed moderate test-retest reliability. Conclusion: The Japanese version of the MCLHB-DRR test showed high reliability and validity among Japanese older adults.