Innovative application of the technology of problem-based learning (problem-based learning-PBL) for the formation of competencies of future doctors and pharmacists among students of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya at the Department

Annotation. In the conditions of modern reforms and digitization of the educational process in medical universities of Ukraine in recent years, the acquisition of high-quality fundamental knowledge by students, the development of critical thinking, logical memorization and the use of theoretical materials and practical skills for the formation of doctor's competences is relevant. Unfortunately, the test system of knowledge control does not fully contribute to the development of these skills in students of the Digital generation, who study according to the principle of «learn-pass-forget». Therefore, the problem-based learning-PBL technology, created by outstanding didacts D.°Dewey and Y.H.°Pestalozzi. The effectiveness of the application of the method increases with the simultaneous use of digital tools in the educational process (in our case -Microsoft Office 365, Internet digital applications, game teaching methods).The essence of the method: in the group work of students on a problematic question / task of the teacher, a logical search for the correct answer in the form of a discussion of students under the guidance of the teacher, and in the independent formulation of a well-founded conclusion. Problematic questions (how to explain the causes and physiological mechanism of the development of polyuria? why did the homeostasis indicators of the human body change during bleeding during injury? what drugs to use?) allow the teacher to form the necessary competences in the profession of a doctor or pharmacist: research, communication, critical thinking, the ability to synthesize and analyze information, to make clear well-founded conclusions during the discussion.