Estimating the Angles of Arrival of Multiple Plane Waves

The problem of estimating the angles of arrival of M plane waves incident simultaneously on a line array with L + 1 (L≥M) sensors utilizing the special eigenstructure of the covariance matrix C of the signal plus noise at the output of the array is addressed. A polynomial D(z) with special properties is constructed from the eigenvectors of C, the zeros of which give estimates of the angle of arrival. Although the procedure turns out to be essentially the same as that developed by Reddi, the development presented here provides insight into the estimation problem.