Learning Economies, Innovation Systems and European Integration

(To be published in Regional Studies) This paper uses the ‘learning economy ’ as an analytical framework to discuss how the process of European integration affects National Systems of Innovation. European integration is described as a process of institutional learning. It is argued that European integration will not do away with national systems of innovation in Europe and that only a very partial European System of Innovation in a narrow sense of the term is likely to emerge in the not too distant future. Learning Economy European Integration National Systems of Innovation