Very Early Neurologic Improvement After Intravenous Thrombolysis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether very early neurologic improvement (VENI) after intravenous (i.v.) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) perfusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) predicts favorable outcome at 3 months. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of prospective data. SETTING: Stroke registry at the Stroke Unit, Tenon University Hospital. PATIENTS: We analyzed consecutive patients with AIS treated with i.v. rt-PA between November 11, 2002, and December 24, 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: VENI at 1 hour was defined as a National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score of 0 at the end of rt-PA perfusion or an improvement of 5 or more points compared with baseline. Favorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 1 or less at 3 months. RESULTS: Of 120 patients with AIS treated with i.v. rt-PA, 22 (18.3%) had VENI after i.v. rt-PA perfusion. Favorable outcome was observed in 15 patients with VENI (68.2%) and in 29 patients without VENI (29.6%) (P < .001). No symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in patients with VENI. Mortality rates were 0% in the patients with VENI and 17.3% in patients without VENI. Baseline scores for VENI (adjusted odds ratio, 6.23; 95% confidence interval, 2.03-19.13; P = .001) and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (0.83; 0.76-0.91; P < .001) were the only 2 factors associated with favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of ≤1). CONCLUSIONS: VENI at the end of i.v. rt-PA perfusion in patients with AIS independently predicts favorable outcome at 3 months.