Can an Artificial Neural Network using acute-phase multi-parametric MRI accurately predict the final extent of ischemic infarction at 3 months in patients with stroke?
An artificial neural network using acute-phase multi-parametric MRI can accurately predict the final extent of ischemic infarction at 3 months post-stroke, providing a potential tool for early clinical decision-making.
In hemispheric ischemic stroke, the final size of the ischemic lesion is the most important correlate of clinical functional outcome. Using a set of acute-phase MR images (Diffusion-weighted--DWI, T(1)-weighted--T1WI, T(2)-weighted--T2WI, and proton density weighted--PDWI) for inputs, and the chronic T2WI at 3 months as an outcome measure, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was trained to predict the 3-month outcome in the form of a voxel-by-voxel forecast of the chronic T2WI. The ANN was trained and tested using 12 subjects (with 83 slices and 140218 voxels) using a leave-one-out cross-validation method with calculation of the Area Under the Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (AUROC) for training, testing and optimization of the ANN. After training and optimization, the ANN produced maps of predicted outcome that were well correlated (r = 0.80, p<0.0001) with the T2WI at 3 months for all 12 patients. This result implies that the trained ANN can provide an estimate of 3-month ischemic lesion on T2WI in a stable and accurate manner (AUROC = 0.89).
Bagher‐Ebadian et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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