Real-time monitoring of insects based on laser remote sensing

Monitoring animal activities help assess the effects of environmental conditions and anthropogenic factors on various species. Entomology-related monitoring methods based on radar, machine vision, and other technologies have developed rapidly in recent years. This research focuses on real-time, laser-based monitoring methods that enable online monitoring of insect activity and study the response of insect populations to changes in environmental conditions such as weather. We summarise four specific applications of monitoring insects based on various laser remote sensing techniques, including setting the electronic trap, collecting backscattered light or fluorescence from target insects in open space, and indirectly monitoring insect population activity by drawing forest canopy characteristics. We discuss the application opportunities of these methods and the challenges faced in practical monitoring and emphasise the trends and requirements for future research.