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A novel generic topology for two-dimensional (2-D) sparse multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) ultrawideband (UWB) arrays is suggested. Based on the proposed topology, a 2-D MIMO UWB array for high-resolution short-range imaging is developed. The focusing properties of this array are studied both theoretically and experimentally and are shown to be superior to those of arrays with a similar number of antennas and based on known topologies such as Mills Cross, rectangular, and spiral configurations. Decisive impact of a large operational bandwidth and short focusing distance on MIMO array performance is shown. Imaging capabilities of the proposed array are experimentally demonstrated for distributed targets.
Zhuge et al. (Tue,) studied this question.