Radiobiological Considerations in the Use of Total-Body Irradiation for Bone-Marrow Transplantation

On radiobiological grounds, a therapeutic advantage should result when total body irradiation (TBI) in preparation for bone-marrow engraftment is given as a fractionated course, rather than as a single exposure at logistically reasonable dose rates. This is because cells of hemopoietic origin in general show less capacity for repair of sublethal radiation injury than do cells of other organs. Dose-limiting lung tolerance, in the context of fractionated TBI, is estimated to be at least 12 Gy (without correction) in increments of 2 Gy regardless of dose rate. A practical method for delivering TBI using a high-energy linear accelerator is described.