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Journal Article Certainty of Arrest and Crime Rates: A Further Test of the Deterrence Hypothesis Get access Charles R. Tittle, Charles R. Tittle Florida Atlantic University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Alan R. Rowe Alan R. Rowe Florida Atlantic University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 52, Issue 4, June 1974, Pages 455–462, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/52.4.455 Published: 01 June 1974
Tittle et al. (Sat,) studied this question.