Boson-vortex-Skyrmion duality, spin-singlet fractional quantum Hall effect, and spin-1/2 anyon superconductivity

In two space dimensions we generalize the boson-vortex duality picture for spinless particles to boson-vortex-Skyrmion duality for spin-1/2 particles. The spin-singlet fractional quantum Hall effect and spin-singlet anyon superconductivity can be understood as the condensation of vortices and Skyrmions into various fractional quantum Hall states.