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Abstract The luminous reflectance of still water for the light from an overcast sky is found to be less than the commonly accepted value ( R = 0·066), because such skies are brighter at the zenith than at the horizon. For a sky three times as bright at the zenith as at the horizon, the value R = 0·051 is computed.
W. E. Knowles Middleton (Wed,) studied this question.