Associations of wheezing phenotypes with late asthma outcomes in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: A population-based birth cohort

BACKGROUND: Variable patterns of childhood wheezing might indicate differences in the cause and prognosis of respiratory illnesses. Better understanding of these patterns could facilitate identification of modifiable factors related to development of asthma. OBJECTIVES: We characterized childhood wheezing phenotypes from infancy to adolescence and their associations with asthma outcomes. METHODS: ]) and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) were made at 14 to 15 years of age. RESULTS: decrements (OR, -0.14 SDU; 95% CI, -0.24 to -0.04 SDU). The persisting phenotypes showed evidence of sex stratification during adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Early childhood-onset wheezing that persists into adolescence represents the clearest target group for interventions to maximize lung function outcomes.