Abstract Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are a prevalent complication after laparoscopic surgeries, with an incidence reaching up to 63% without antiemetic prophylaxis. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of dexamethasone and ondansetron in preventing PONV in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Materials and Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial. Patients scheduled for elective LC under general anesthesia were randomized to receive either ondansetron (100 μg/kg) or dexamethasone (100 μg/kg). PONV was assessed at various postoperative intervals. Primary outcomes included the incidence and severity of PONV, while secondary outcomes included the need for rescue antiemetics. Results: A total of 52 patients (Group D: 26 and Group O: 26) were included in the study. The incidence of immediate PONV was 3.8% in Group D and 0% in Group O ( P = 0.313). No significant difference was observed between groups at 1–2 h and 4 h, and no PONV was reported at 8-, 12-, or 24-h intervals in either group. Vomiting episodes were noted in 15.4% of Group D and 23.1% of Group O patients. Rescue antiemetic use was higher in Group O (34.6%) compared to Group D (19.2%), with no significant difference between the groups ( P = 0.211). Conclusions: Dexamethasone and ondansetron are both effective for PONV prophylaxis in patients undergoing LC, with comparable efficacy, although ondansetron may require slightly more frequent use of rescue antiemetics.
Loomba et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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