Introduction. Syphilis is a systemic infection, primarily transmitted sexually, characterized by multiple organ and system lesions. The incidence of syphilis remains high worldwide. Objective. To analyze the dynamics of syphilis incidence as well as the composition of cases in the Russian Federation from 2014 to 2024. Materials and methods. An analysis of federal statistical monitoring data on syphilis incidence in the Russian Federation from 2014 to 2024 was performed. Results. Significant changes in syphilis incidence in the Russian Federation were identified. After a decline in the incidence rate to 10.5 cases per 100 000 population in 2020, an increase in the incidence of syphilis, most significant in the Central, Northwestern and Siberian Federal Districts, was noted by 2022. Increase in migration flows and growth in the population’s demand for medical care after levelling of the medical, social and economic consequences of COVID-19 in 2021—2022 were one of the reasons for the rise in syphilis incidence in the Russian Federation. A significant contribution to the increase in the incidence of syphilis is made by the adult urban population, especially residents of big cities. In Moscow, the vast majority of syphilis cases are detected among foreign citizens, who account for the largest increase in syphilis detection. In presence of a renewed tendency to a decrease in the incidence of syphilis in the Russian Federation as a whole up to 2024, an increase in the incidence of syphilis among adolescents is observed. In recent years, there has been a decrease in the proportion of early forms of syphilis along with an increase in the number of cases of late syphilis. Conclusion. The identified tendencies in syphilis incidence in the Russian Federation emphasize the need for further improvement of organizational measures to prevent the spread of syphilis aimed at strengthening primary and secondary prophylaxis of the disease.
Потекаев et al. (Fri,) studied this question.