Strong Resistance of Phosphorylcholine Self-Assembled Monolayers to Protein Adsorption:  Insights into Nonfouling Properties of Zwitterionic Materials

In this work, we show the strong resistance of zwitterionic phosphorylcholine (PC) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to protein adsorption and examine key factors leading to their nonfouling behavior using both experimental and molecular simulation techniques. Zwitterions with a balanced charge and minimized dipole are excellent candidates as nonfouling materials due to their strong hydration capacity via electrostatic interactions.