High-fat feeding and removal of periadventitial fat markedly enhanced neointima formation after vascular injury in mice, suggesting a protective role of periadventitial fat mediated by adiponectin.
Does periadventitial adipose tissue and its adiponectin expression protect against neointima formation after vascular injury in mice?
Periadventitial fat plays a protective role against neointimal formation after vascular injury via adiponectin, and obesity-induced inflammation in this tissue may accelerate vascular disease.
RATIONALE: Obesity is associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular complications. However, the molecular link between obesity and vascular disease is not fully understood. Most previous studies have focused on the association between cardiovascular disease and accumulation of visceral fat. Periadventitial fat is distributed ubiquitously around arteries throughout the body. OBJECTIVE: Here, we investigated the impact of obesity on inflammation in the periadventitial adipose tissue and on lesion formation after vascular injury. METHODS AND RESULTS: High-fat, high-sucrose feeding induced inflammatory changes and decreased adiponectin expression in the periadventitial adipose tissue, which was associated with enhanced neointima formation after endovascular injury. Removal of periadventitial fat markedly enhanced neointima formation after injury, which was attenuated by transplantation of subcutaneous adipose tissue from mice fed on regular chow. Adiponectin-deficient mice showed markedly enhanced lesion formation, which was reversed by local delivery, but not systemic administration, of recombinant adiponectin to the periadventitial area. The conditioned medium from subcutaneous fat attenuated increased cell number of smooth muscle cells in response to platelet derived growth factor-BB. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that periadventitial fat may protect against neointimal formation after angioplasty under physiological conditions and that inflammatory changes in the periadventitial fat may have a direct role in the pathogenesis of vascular disease accelerated by obesity.
Takaoka et al. (Fri,) conducted a other in Vascular disease and obesity. High-fat, high-sucrose feeding and periadventitial fat removal vs. Regular chow and intact periadventitial fat was evaluated on Neointima formation after endovascular injury. High-fat feeding and removal of periadventitial fat markedly enhanced neointima formation after vascular injury in mice, suggesting a protective role of periadventitial fat mediated by adiponectin.