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Intra- and intertester reliability of a previously described technique for measurement of sagittal plane lumbar spine motion was assessed. Results demonstrated a high degree of reliability of this technique. Sagittal plane norms for men and women are also presented. In addition, a pilot study of a simple in vivo measurement method for lumbar torsion is described and tested on a group of control subjects and a group of chronic low-back pain patients.
Keeley et al. (1986) studied this question.