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The current flow across grain boundaries in n-type germanium has been measured in the temperature range of 350−200°K. Precisely oriented bicrystals have been grown for this study with 4, 6, and 25° tilt boundaries and 6° twist boundaries. The experimental data were found to be in good agreement with theoretical calculations given in the accompanying article R. K. Mueller, J. Appl. Phys. 32, 635 (1961). The current across the boundary is mainly carried by electrons crossing the barrier, and it increases with decreasing boundary angle. The activation energy was found to be 0.71±0.01 ev for all boundaries. A lower limit of NB≥1013 (cm−2 ev−1) was found for the density of boundary states of 6 and 25° boundaries. No significant difference between tilt and twist boundaries has been observed.
R. K. Mueller (1961) studied this question.