Hall and ion effects combined with micropolar fluids can enhance or suppress heat transfer in many engineering processes. Heat exchangers and cooling systems can, for example, use magnetic fields to control the flow and thermal properties of fluid, improving heat transfer. The hydrodynamics of immiscible micropolar fluids are important in a variety of engineering problems, including biofluid dynamics of arterial blood flows, pharmacodynamics, Principle of Boundary layers, lubrication technology, short waves for heat-conducting fluids, sediment transportation, magnetohydrodynamics, multicomponent hydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamic. The effects of Hall current and ions on unstable MHD micropolar liquid over a stretched sheet are described in this article. The coupled nonlinear PDEs are transformed into a system of coupled nonlinear ODEs by implementing appropriate similarity variables. The Galerkin finite element method (G-FEM), a solver built in COMSOL Multiphysics ® , is used to solve the coupled nonlinear ODEs numerically. The influence of numerous non-dimensional governing factors on the velocity, angular momentum, temperature, concentration, wall friction, couple stress, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers is presented graphically. The results obtained in this study align closely with previous research findings reported in the literature. The main findings indicate that the secondary velocity profile is primarily reduced before ζ = 1 due to the effect of K , βe and β i . In contrast, δ and λ reduce the secondary velocity profile before ζ = 2. This result shows the instability of the micro-rotation; however, after ζ = 1,2, the micro-rotation becomes stable, and hence, the secondary velocity profile is augmented. Moreover, Ha and m 0 also increase the secondary velocity profile. Furthermore, the Nusselt number has degenerated as βe, βi and γ 2 parameters augmented. At the same time, Ha, K, Nr, Ec, γ and γ 1 parameters increase the Nusselt number. Studying micropolar fluids with Hall-Ions is more relevant when real-world applications are applied in Biofluid dynamics, industrial chemical processes and microfluidics and model of blood flow, analysis of catalysis in porous media, and optimization of heat transfer.
Dharmaiah et al. (Tue,) studied this question.