This research paper focuses on the need for theory in the field of international relations (IR). It explores core IR theories such as realism, liberalism, and constructivism, while also addressing lesser-known yet valuable theories that provide multiple viewpoints on the same issue. These diverse perspectives help in forming widely accepted and inclusive decisions. The study reveals that most widely accepted theories are Western-centric, often prioritizing Western beliefs and histories while neglecting the Global South. This imbalance leads to biased policies that favor the West. The paper also highlights how many IR theories are written in complex academic language, making them difficult for policymakers to understand. As a result, decisions are frequently based on quick facts or personal experience rather than deep theoretical insight. Through the work of various scholars, the paper provides a better understanding of the theoretical landscape in IR. It also discusses how increasing global pluralism challenges traditional theories like realism. Furthermore, it identifies how lesser-known theories and overlooked social groups could significantly enhance policymaking if they were given due attention. This study emphasizes the importance of theoretical grounding in policy decisions and encourages a more inclusive, accessible, and theory-informed approach to international relations.
Md. Sohel Rana (2025) studied this question.