Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern, ranking as the 10th most common cancer among women in Greece. Current screening programs primarily rely on cytology and HPV DNA testing; however, their positive predictive value (PPV) for detecting high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) remains limited. This study aimed to compare the clinical performance of the HPV mRNA test with that of the HPV DNA test, focusing on their PPV for detecting CIN1+ lesions in a cohort of Greek women. A total of 114 women undergoing routine cervical cancer screening were tested using an HPV DNA assay (detecting 41 HPV types), Pap smear, and were referred for colposcopy and biopsy when indicated. Among them, 29 women aged 18 to 65 years (mean age: 35.1 ± 10.8 years) who tested positive for one or more of the five high-risk HPV types (16, 18, 31, 33, 45) were further assessed using the PreTect HPV-Proofer® mRNA assay. Of these 29 women, 11 (37.9%) had negative biopsy findings, 16 (55.2%) were diagnosed with CIN1, and 2 (6.9%) with CIN2, corresponding to a positive predictive value (PPV) of 55.2% for CIN1 and 6.9% for CIN2 with the HPV DNA test. Among the 17 women who tested positive for HPV mRNA, 13 were diagnosed with CIN1 and 2 with CIN2. Among the 12 women who tested negative for HPV mRNA, 3 had CIN1 and 9 had negative biopsy results. Based on these findings, the PPV of the HPV mRNA test for CIN1 was 76.5%, the negative predictive value (NPV) was 75.0%, and the clinical sensitivity for CIN1 was 81.3%. For CIN2, the PPV was 11.8%, while the clinical sensitivity and NPV were 100%. These findings highlight the potential of HPV mRNA testing to improve specificity in cervical cancer screening by more accurately identifying clinically significant lesions and reducing unnecessary colposcopies.
Kafasi et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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