A BSTRACT Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are frequently detected on the prenatal ultrasonography, but their postnatal outcomes vary widely. Accurate diagnosis and early postnatal evaluation are essential for guiding prognosis and management. Objective: To assess the clinical spectrum and postnatal outcomes of renal anomalies detected during prenatal screening. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over 18 months on 40 neonates with prenatal renal anomalies detected via ultrasonography. Postnatal evaluation included serial ultrasounds, micturating cystourethrogram (MCU), and diuretic renography (DTPA) scans as indicated. Outcomes were analyzed based on anomaly type, laterality, and severity of hydronephrosis. Results: Hydronephrosis was the most common finding (67.5%), followed by polycystic kidney disease and multicystic dysplastic kidney. Postnatal resolution occurred in 37.5% of cases. Surgical intervention was required in 27.5%, predominantly for ureteropelvic junction obstruction and posterior urethral valves. Bilateral anomalies and high-grade hydronephrosis were associated with poorer outcomes. Conclusion: Prenatally detected renal anomalies warrant structured postnatal follow-up. Severity, laterality, and anomaly type significantly influence clinical outcomes.
Gurram et al. (Mon,) studied this question.