The article presents a comprehensive study of the current state of international migration in Ukraine as a key factor in social and economic development and foreign economic relations. The importance of researching migration is justified in the context of the challenges Ukraine has faced since 2014, especially with the onset of the full-scale war in 2022. The main directions of emigration of Ukrainian citizens are discussed, particularly to Germany, Denmark, Romania, and Lithuania, and the reasons for their relocation are analyzed, with economic and security factors predominating. Immigration flows to Ukraine, particularly from neighboring countries such as Moldova, Romania, and Poland, are outlined. Special attention is given to the analysis of remittances from labor migrants, which serve as a significant source of foreign currency inflow for Ukraine. The dynamics of private remittances to Ukraine from abroad are analyzed, along with an examination of the countries that are sources of these remittances from 2019 to 2024, excluding the year 2022. A SWOT analysis of the migration situation in Ukraine has been developed, identifying strengths such as the presence of a large diaspora and stable remittances, as well as weaknesses like the outflow of labor potential, instability in the labor market, and demographic aging, since most migrants are young people. The study also reveals the main opportunities that international migration presents for Ukraine, such as leveraging experience from migrants, modernization in the labor market, and diversifying the country’s sources of income. The study further identifies threats posed by international migration to Ukraine, including dependence on remittances, long-term loss of human capital within our territory, and national aging, which exacerbates the demographic crisis. The article highlights the dual nature of international migration for Ukraine – as both a challenge and a resource that requires effective State regulation and international cooperation.
Ishchuk et al. (Wed,) studied this question.