Job Satisfaction in Public Organizations: The Role of Individual Characteristics, Work Ethic, and Organizational Commitment

This study investigates how individual characteristics, work ethic, and organizational commitment influence job satisfaction among civil servants at the Education and Culture Office of Malang City. As public institutions face increasing demands for performance and accountability, understanding internal drivers of employee satisfaction becomes crucial. This research adopts a quantitative explanatory design, involving all 242 employees as respondents. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The analysis reveals that individual characteristics, work ethic, and organizational commitment all have a significant impact on job satisfaction, both independently and collectively. These findings underscore the strategic importance of aligning personal values, professional attitudes, and organizational culture to foster a productive and satisfied public workforce. The study highlights the need for targeted human resource policies that emphasize personal development, ethical work climates, and commitment-building strategies within public sector organizations.