What type of study is this?

This is a Systematic Review study.

September 10, 2025

Systematic Literature Review on Character Education Strategies in Primary and Secondary Schools

Key Points

Character education improves student development, emphasizing the need for collaboration in schools and communities.
The review of 35 articles identified trends in value-based learning and the critical role of teacher involvement in character education.
Analysis followed PRISMA guidelines, revealing challenges in teacher training and implementing character evaluation systems.
Strengthening the character education ecosystem may involve holistic engagement among schools, teachers, and families.

Abstract

Character education is important in developing 21st-century education, especially at the elementary and secondary school levels. However, its implementation still faces conceptual and operational challenges in various countries. This study conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) of 35 articles published between 2019 and 2024 from the Scopus, DOAJ, and Google Scholar databases. Article selection followed the PRISMA guidelines with specific inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed four main themes: value-based learning approaches, teacher involvement, the role of the school environment, curriculum integration, and implementation barriers. A trend toward increased collaborative approaches was identified, but teacher training and character evaluation systems remain challenges. This study recommends strengthening the character education ecosystem by involving schools, teachers, and communities holistically and contextually.

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