Exploring the Reduction of Power Losses Through Distributed Energy Resources

Abstract: This study addresses the critical issue of power losses in Nigeria's electricity distribution networks, which contribute to energy poverty and high electricity costs. By modeling the Enugu distribution network and integrating distributed energy resources, specifically a hybrid system comprising solar PV, diesel generators, and battery storage, the research evaluates the impact on power losses. Load flow analysis reveals that the integration of distributed energy resources significantly reduces both active and reactive power losses, with a notable 36% decrease in reactive power loss for a key transformer. Notably, the reactive power loss in a key transformer (T10) decreased by 36%, from 201.4 kvar to 128.8 kvar, while active power loss in the same transformer dropped from 10.1 kW to 6.4 kW. Other branches, such as Line604, also showed reduced losses, with active power loss decreasing from 50.9 kW to 49.5 kW. These findings demonstrate the potential of distributed energy resources to improve the efficiency and reliability of power distribution networks, supporting Nigeria's objectives for universal energy access and sustainable development.