What type of study is this?

This is a Retrospective cohort study study.

September 10, 2025Open Access

Impact of high-normal TSH in early pregnancy on gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study

Key Points

High-normal TSH was associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Patients with high-normal TSH had an adjusted odds ratio of 1.3 for developing GDM.
The relationship between TSH and GDM revealed a nonlinear trend, with differing outcomes below and above 1.3 mIU/L.
Retrospective cohort study analyzed 1906 patients, revealing significant glucose level correlations with TSH.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate whether high-normal TSH contributes to the risk of developing GDM. A retrospective cohort study was undertaken to investigate the impact of female high-normal TSH on GDM in a sample of 1906 patients who were delivered in our center between January 2022 and December 2022. The patients were categorized into two groups based on their median TSH (1.04 mIU/L) in early pregnancy: a low-normal group (0.10 ≤ TSH ≤ 1.04 mIU/L, N = 954) and a high-normal group (1.04 1.3 mIU/L, the incidence of GDM was relatively flat with increasing TSH. No statistical differences was observed in the female age (31.2 ± 4.1 Vs 31.4 ± 4.1, p = 0.433). High-normal TSH might be associated with an increased risk of GDM.

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