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September 10, 2025

Thrombotic Events and Pulmonary Thromboembolism as Primary Manifestation of Aspergillus Infection with Presence of Aspergilloma: A Case Report

Key Points

Pulmonary thromboembolism can occur as a complication of pulmonary aspergillosis, especially in immunocompromised patients.
The presence of aspergilloma is associated with a heightened risk of thrombotic events.
Aspergillus infections may have atypical presentations that require increased clinical awareness.
Chronic forms of pulmonary aspergillosis include aspergilloma, which has serious implications for patients with lung disease.

Abstract

Pulmonary aspergillosis is an opportunistic infection caused by species of the genus Aspergillus, encompassing a broad clinical spectrum, from saprophytic colonization to potentially fatal invasive disease. Among its chronic forms, aspergilloma represents an intracavitary fungal mass, usually associated with pre-existing pulmonary cavities due to tuberculosis, emphysema, or other structural lung diseases. Although classically considered non-invasive, it may cause severe complications in specific clinical settings. Pulmonary Aspergillus infection can present atypically, especially in immunocompromised patients. Thrombotic events, including pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), have been described as rare but possible complications in these patients.

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